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[目的]研究3种陆生植物化感物质蝗取液的抑藻活性。[方法]采用乙醇浸提,正己烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇逐级分相萃取法,对广玉兰,黄杨和龙瓜槐3种植物叶片中的化感物质进行分离提取,并测定各组分的抑藻特性。[结果]广玉兰中的抑藻活性组分存在于正己烷和正丁醇相中。龙爪槐的活性组分存在于正己烷相中;黄杨的抑藻活性组分主要存在于乙酸乙酯相和水相中。除黄杨水相组分外,各活性组分在投加1d后即表现出显著抑藻活性,抑制率达50%,且抑制率随培养时间的增加而增加,对铜绿微囊藻的7d生长抑制率均达90%以上,各组分的抑藻活性在一定范围内亦随浓度的升高而增强。其中广玉兰正己烷相和正丁醇相组分在最低浓度25μg/ml时抑藻活性达96%以上,显著高于其他各组分,且能引起藻细胞膨大或表面皱缩空洞。[结论]广玉兰正己烷相和正丁醇相组分对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制活性最好,最具进一步研究的价值。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the algicidal activity of locust extract from three terrestrial plant allergens. [Method] The allelochemicals in three kinds of plant leaves of Magnolia biondii, Boxwood and Longguaihuai were separated and extracted by ethanol extraction, fractional phase extraction with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, Algicidal properties of components. [Result] The algicidal active components in Magnolia grandiflora were present in the n-hexane and n-butanol phases. The active component of Longhuhuai was present in the n-hexane phase. The algicidal active component of the genus Populus mainly existed in the ethyl acetate phase and the aqueous phase. In addition to the aqueous phase components, the active components showed significant anti-algal activity after 1 day of dosing, with the inhibition rate of 50%, and the inhibition rate increased with the increase of incubation time. The 7 d growth of Microcystis aeruginosa Inhibition rate reached more than 90%, the algicidal activity of each component within a certain range also increased with increasing concentration. The Magnaporthera n-hexane phase and n-butanol phase components in the minimum concentration of 25μg / ml inhibition of algae activity of 96% or more, significantly higher than the other components, and can cause algae cell swelling or surface shrinkage cavity. [Conclusion] The inhibitory activity of n-hexane phase and n-butanol phase of Magnolia grandiflora on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa was the best and the value of further study was the best.