农业的立体种植和养殖,旨在有限的土地空间获得充分的农业产品和生态平衡,巧妙利用各类植物及动物在生长过程中的“空间差”和“时间差”,进行错落组合,综合搭配,构成多物种、多层次、多功能的高效生产系统。国外农业立体开发已取得不少成功经验。林农间作可称之为“立体农业”的一种。苏联是世界上营造防护林最早、规模最大的国家,当林带的有效防护为100%时,农作物平均增产率为19%。北非和地中海沿岸国家普遍采用油橄榄、柑桔、葡萄等与水稻、小麦、玉米间作。拉丁美州大力推广破布木、桃花心木或果树等林木与香蕉、可可、咖啡、胡椒等间作,除了收获农产品外,每亩还可以得到15立方米的用材。墨西哥在破布木树行间种 The three-dimensional planting and breeding of agriculture aim at obtaining sufficient agricultural products and ecological balance in the limited land space, clever use of the “space difference” and “time difference” of various plants and animals in the growth process, Constitute a multi-species, multi-level, multi-functional and efficient production system. Three-dimensional foreign agricultural development has made many successful experiences. Forest farming can be called “three-dimensional agriculture” one. The Soviet Union is the earliest and largest country in the world to create shelterbelts. When the effective protection of the shelterbelts is 100%, the average increase rate of crops is 19%. North Africa and the Mediterranean countries generally use olive, citrus, grapes and rice, wheat, corn intercropping. Latin America vigorously promote rags, mahogany or fruit trees and other trees and bananas, cocoa, coffee, pepper and other intercropping, in addition to harvesting agricultural products, you can get 15 cubic meters per mu of timber. Mexico breeds between rag wood trees