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2008年1月,我国南方发生了严重的冰冻雪灾,通过改变资源的有效性和异质性而对生态系统过程产生显著影响。本研究以福建武夷山遭受冰冻雪灾不同危害程度(轻、中、重3种类型)的毛竹林为试验地,探讨了08雪灾干扰后毛竹林不同土层(0～10、10～25、25～40cm)土壤微生物生物量氮和可溶性氮的变化特征。结果表明,除25～40cm土层土壤微生物生物量氮含量外,各土层土壤微生物生物量氮、硝态氮含量均随受灾程度的加重而显著增加,随土层深度的增加而减少,0～10cm土层土壤可溶性有机氮,重度受灾竹林也显著高于轻度与中度受灾竹林。不同受灾竹林间的土壤微生物生物量氮、硝态氮、可溶性有机氮含量均与土壤温度、雪灾输入林地生物量显著正相关,与竹林郁闭度显著负相关,与土壤湿度不相关。本研究结果揭示,由于雪灾导致生物与非生物因素的改变,土壤中的氮可能以硝酸盐和可溶性有机氮的形式从生态系统中流失。
In January 2008, a severe snow storm hit South China that had a significant impact on ecosystem processes by changing the availability and heterogeneity of resources. In this study, Wuyishan in Fujian Province suffering from various degrees of damage (light, medium and heavy) Moso bamboo forest as the test site to explore the 08 snow disaster Moso bamboo forests in different layers (0 ~ 10,10 ~ 25,25 ~ 40cm) Characteristics of soil microbial biomass nitrogen and soluble nitrogen. The results showed that except for 25-40 cm soil microbial biomass nitrogen content, the soil microbial biomass nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content of all soil layers increased significantly with the degree of disaster, and decreased with the increase of soil depth. The contents of soil soluble organic nitrogen and heavy damaged bamboo in ~ 10cm soil layer were also significantly higher than those in mild and moderately affected bamboo forest. The contents of soil microbial biomass nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen in different affected bamboo forests were significantly and positively correlated with soil temperature and snow disaster, and negatively correlated with bamboo forest canopy density, but not with soil moisture. The results of this study reveal that nitrogen in the soil may be lost from ecosystems in the form of nitrate and soluble organic nitrogen because of the biological and abiotic factors that lead to snowstorms.