苏轼在他的作品中曾不止一次地论及“因物赋形”,如,《仁宗皇帝御颂》:“圣人如天,时杀时生。君子如水,因物赋形。天不违仁,水不失平。”《滟预堆赋》:“天下至信者,唯水而已。江河之大与海之深,而可以意揣。唯其不自为形,而因物以赋形。是故千变万化而有必然之理。”《文说》:“吾文如万斛泉源,不择地而出。在平地滔滔汩汩,虽一日,千里无难。及其与山石曲折,随物赋形而不可知也。所可知者,常行于所当行,常止于不可不止,如是而已矣。”纵观苏轼为人为官的一生以及他的作品,“因物赋形”,是苏轼的自我写照,也是“东坡精神”的核心和灵魂。下面就苏轼诗文中的“因物赋形”精神作一探讨,以求教于苏学专家和诸读者。 我们认为,苏轼“因物赋形”精神有以下三个层面,而这三个层面,在苏轼的仕宦和贬谪生涯中,始终如一地结合着,也在他的诗文中得到了淋漓尽致的体现。 第一层面,到了一个地方,既来之、则安之,随遇而安。 苏轼在仕宦生涯中,随遇而安是其“因物赋形”精神的起始点。这与他深受佛道思想的影响是分不开的。他八岁时,便已拜道士张易简为师,得到了张道士的独赏。张易简作为 In his works, Su Shi talked more than once about “the formation of objects by nature”, such as “imperial courtesies of Emperor Renzong”: “Sage as heaven, , The water is not flat. ”“ 滟 pre-heap Fu ”:“ All the world to the believers, only the water only. The vast rivers and the depths of the sea, and can hides the guesswork. Therefore, the ever-changing and inevitable reason. ”“ Wen said, ”“ My text, such as Wan Hutchison, unscrupulous out in the flat surging, although the first day of miles without difficulty. And twists and turns with the rocks, with the material It is known that Su Shi’s self-serving life and his works, ”due to material shaped“ is Su Shi’s self Portrayal, but also ”Dongpo Spirit“ of the core and soul. The following on the Su Shi poetry of ”shaped by the material“ to make a discussion in order to learn from the Su Xue experts and readers. In our opinion, Su Shi’s spirit of ”material formation“ has the following three levels, and these three aspects are consistently combined with Su Shi’s official career and relegation career, and are vividly embodied in his poetry . The first level, to a place, both come, then the security, with the event. Su Shi career career, go with each passing hour is the starting point of its ”material shaped" spirit. This is deeply influenced by his thoughts of Buddhism and Taoism. When he was eight, he had been worshiped by Taoist priest Zhang Yi-jian and was rewarded by Zhang Tao-shih. Zhang Yi as easy