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张三丰是道教门中继吕纯阳之后,极富传奇色彩的一位道长。他为后人留下了诸多不解之谜,其生年即有宋人说、金人说、元明说,众说纷纭,莫衷一是。其卒年更是扑朔迷离,无从稽考。本文拟广容诸说,祓其迷雾,存其本真,作一初略而有益的探索。一、张三丰生年考辨(一)张三丰北宋说谓张三丰为北宋人者,滥觞于清初学者黄宗羲(161 0-1695)及其子黄百家。黄宗羲在《南雷文定·王征南墓志铭》中言道:“……有所谓内家者,以静制动,犯者应手即仆,故别少林为内家,盖起于宋之张三峰。三峰为武当丹士,……张松溪为最著。”稍后于《王征南墓志铭》的雍正《宁波府志》(雍正十三年(1 7 35)版)《张松溪传》,亦有张三峰为北宋人说,其略云:“松溪,鄞人,善搏,师孙十三老,其法自言起自宋之张三峰。……”清初,王士祯(1634-1711)于《拳技派》中亦记曰:“拳勇之技,少林为外家,武当张三丰为内家,三丰之后,有关中人王宗,宗传温州陈州同。州同,明嘉
Cheung San Fung is Taoist door after Lv Chun Yang, a legendary long way. He left a lot of mystery for future generations, the Song said that during his lifetime, the gold said, Yuan Ming said that there are divergent opinions, incomprehensible. Its year of death is even more confusing, no reference. This article intends to wide variety, that its fog, save its true, make a preliminary and useful exploration. First, Zhang Sanfeng birthday examination (A) Zhang Sanfeng North Song said Zhang Sanfeng for the Northern Song Dynasty, originated in the early Qing Dynasty scholar Huang Zongxi (161 0-1695) and its sub-100. Huang Zongxi in the ”Nanlei Wending Wang Zhengnan epitaph“ in the words: ”... ... so-called insiders to static brake, the offender should be your servant, so do not Shaolin for the house, built in the Song of Zhang Sanfeng. Sanfeng Wudang Dan, ... ... Zhang Songxi for the most. “Later in the” Wang Zhengnan epitaph “Yongzheng” Ningbo House “(Yongzheng thirteen years (1735) edition) There are also Zhang Sanfeng for the Northern Song Dynasty people say that its slightly: ”Songxi, Yin, good fight, teacher Sun 13 old, the law from the song of Zhang Sanfeng ... ... “ Early Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen 1634-1711) in the ”boxing art school“ also remember saying: ”boxing brave technique, Shaolin for the foreign family, Wudang Zhang Sanfeng for the house, Mitutoyo, the Chinese king, the case of Wenzhou Chen state. State with the Ming Jia