本文认为,公共选择理论是建立在经济人、交易政治学、方法论的个人主义三大假设之上。经济人假设也适用于政治领域,政治活动本质是一种公共选择,个人在参与政治活动时以个人利益的最大化为目的,以成本收益分析为根据;交易政治学是把经济学家的效用最大化构架扩展到不同的公共选择作用中人们的行为,把政治看作复杂交换的理想化概念;方法论的个人主义坚持认为人类的一切活动都应从个体的角度来理解,个人是分析的基础 This paper argues that the theory of public choice is based on three assumptions: economic man, trading politics and methodological individualism. The hypothesis of the economists also applies to the political field. The nature of political activities is a public choice. The individual takes the political activities as the maximization of individual interests and the cost-benefit analysis as the basis. Transactional politics is a combination of the economist’s utility The maximization framework extends to the behavior of people in the role of public choice and politics as the idealized concept of complex exchange. Methodological individualism insists that all human activities should be understood from an individual’s point of view and that individuals are the basis of analysis