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1950年,以美国为首的西方国家对中国实施了严厉的石油禁运。这次石油禁运是中国历史上遭受的第一次石油禁运,与国际石油公司(主要是美孚、亚细亚和德士古)有非常密切的关系。开始,美国国务院构建了以美孚等三大石油公司为核心的输华石油控制模式。其后,因朝鲜战争的爆发,美国迅速与英国协调,依靠三公司对华实施石油禁运。三公司成为美国运用石油武器的有力工具。西方对华石油禁运不但使20世纪50年代中国的石油供应更依赖苏联,而且强化了中国发展自己石油工业的决心。
In 1950, the U.S.-led western countries imposed a severe oil embargo on China. This oil embargo is the first oil embargo suffered in Chinese history and has very close relations with international oil companies (mainly Mobil, Asia and Texaco). At the outset, the U.S. State Department constructed a petroleum export control model that centered on the three major oil companies such as Mobil. Since then, due to the outbreak of the Korean War, the United States quickly coordinated with Britain and relied on the three companies to impose an oil embargo on China. Three companies became the United States a powerful tool for the use of oil and gas. The Western oil embargo not only made China’s oil supply more dependent on the Soviet Union in the 1950s, but also strengthened China’s determination to develop its own oil industry.