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综合评述了空间诱变及其在作物改良中的应用。空间环境的显著特点是超真空、微重力和强辐射。实验研究表明,空间环境条件不仅影响作物的生长发育,还可以诱发作物种子产生遗传变异。种子经空间飞行后在地面发芽,其染色体畸变频率有较大幅度的增加。当种子被宇宙射线中的高能重粒子(HZE)击中后,会出现更多的多重染色体畸变;同时,经空间飞行后的种子即使没有被HZE击中,发芽后也可以观察到染色体畸变现象,而且飞行时间愈
The space mutagenesis and its application in crop improvement were reviewed. Notable features of the space environment are ultra-vacuum, microgravity and strong radiation. Experimental studies show that space environment conditions not only affect crop growth and development, but also induce genetic variation in crop seeds. Seeds germinated on the ground after space flight, the frequency of chromosome aberration increased greatly. More chromosome aberrations occur when seeds are hit by high-energy heavy particles (HZE) in cosmic rays; at the same time, chromosomal aberrations can be observed even after seeds have been hit by space flight even without hitting HZE , And the more time the flight