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目的:研究添加蛋白水解酶抑制剂PI的苦瓜降糖多肽PA口服降血糖作用及其可能的作用机制。方法:小鼠尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶溶液80mg/kg造糖尿病小鼠模型,分别进行PA皮下注射降血糖实验和PA口服降血糖实验;21日实验结束时取材测定血糖、血清胰岛素水平、小肠粘膜α-葡萄糖苷酶活性、骨骼肌己糖激酶(HK)活性,固定胰腺进行病理观察。结果:皮下注射PA显著降低小鼠血糖值。口服PA组小鼠血糖值明显减低;血清胰岛素水平明显升高;小肠粘膜催化麦芽糖生成的葡萄糖量大幅降低;骨骼肌己糖激酶活性明显增强;四氧嘧啶对小鼠胰岛的选择性损伤得到缓解。结论:初步证明了添加酶抑制剂PI的苦瓜降糖多肽PA口服降血糖作用;其作用机制可能是抑制小肠粘膜α-葡萄糖苷酶活性;增强骨骼肌己糖激酶活性;保护或修复胰岛β细胞,促进或改善胰岛素分泌。
Objective: To study the oral hypoglycemic effect of bitter melon hypoglycemic polypeptide PA adding protease inhibitor PI and its possible mechanism. Methods: Allo-pyrimidine 80mg / kg diabetic mice were injected into the tail vein of mice to make hypoglycemic experiment of PA subcutaneous injection and oral hypoglycemic experiment of PA. At the end of the experiment, blood glucose, serum insulin, intestinal mucosa α-glucosidase activity, skeletal muscle hexokinase (HK) activity, fixed pancreas for pathological observation. Results: Subcutaneous injection of PA significantly reduced blood glucose levels in mice. Oral PA mice significantly lower blood glucose levels; serum insulin levels were significantly increased; small intestinal mucosa maltose glucose production significantly reduced the amount of glucose; skeletal muscle hexokinase activity was significantly enhanced; alloxan on pancreatic islet selective damage was eased . CONCLUSION: The oral hypoglycemic effect of Momordica glycyticeae polysaccharides (PA), an inhibitor of PI, is preliminarily demonstrated. Its mechanism may be to inhibit the activity of small intestinal mucosa α-glucosidase, enhance the activity of skeletal muscle hexokinase, protect or repair pancreatic β-cells , Promote or improve insulin secretion.