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盐作为人们的日常生活需要,也作为纳税商品,在中国经济和政治发展中起着重要作用。鉴于盐为所有的人经常使用,它每年的消耗量是大致可以预测的,这就使盐成为一种税,确切地说,是一种人头税,为统治者提供了一笔可靠的财政来源。基于这种原因,它就引起整个中国历史上的政治家、金融家的特别关注。按照经济的重要性,盐的生产和买卖就是农业中国延续数千年的主要工业,也是中国清朝(公元1644～1911年)最大的、单一的经济事业。有关盐的控制以及盐的经济收益,往往成为中国的革命者、
Salt, as a necessity for people’s daily life and as a tax-paying commodity, plays an important role in China’s economic and political development. Given that salt is commonly used by all, its annual consumption is roughly predictable, which makes it a tax, or, more specifically, a head tax, which provides the ruler with a reliable source of finance . For this reason, it has drawn special attention from politicians and financiers throughout China’s history. According to its economic importance, the production and sale of salt were the major industries in which agriculture continued for thousands of years in China. It was also the largest single economic undertaking in China’s Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Salt control and the economic benefits of salt tend to be Chinese revolutionaries,