论文部分内容阅读
中国风能资源与用电负荷呈逆向分布,大规模集中开发、远距离输送是中国风电开发的重要方式,这将大幅增加风电输电和并网的成本以及风电消纳过程中各类成本的比例.但目前尚缺乏涵盖上述成本的风电全系统成本计算方法.该文定义了大型风电基地远距离消纳全系统成本(overall levelized cost of energy,OLCOE)的概念;分别建立了平准化的风力发电成本、输电成本和并网成本模型,其中并网成本模型中量化了电网辅助服务成本和常规机组运行特性改变所引发的成本.以中国哈密风电基地和哈郑特高压直流输电线路为例,验证所提出的全系统成本计算方法,得出风电远距离消纳成本的成分构成及比例.算例结果表明:随着风电渗透率的增加,并网成本不断增加并逐渐接近发电成本,导致不同渗透率下发电、输电和并网各环节的成本比例不同,这也说明了风电全系统成本计算的必要性.“,”The wind energy resources and the load center are inversely distributed in China, and thus large-scale centralized development and long-distance transmission becomes an important mode for Chinese wind power development. This significantly increases the cost of wind power transmission and grid integration as well as the proportion of various costs in the process of wind power consumption. A new cost model is needed to reveal the real economic mechanism during wind power consumption as an overall system. To fill the research gap in this field, the concept of overall levelized cost of energy (OLCOE) was defined and a mathematical model was proposed for integrating levelized cost of wind power generation, transmission and system integration (i.e. auxiliary cost and profile cost). Taking the Hami wind power base and high-voltage transmission to the central province of China as an example, the proposed cost concept and model was validated. Results show that wind power integration costs increase with the increases of wind power penetration, and gradually approaches generation cost with a high growth rate. This results in different cost ratios of power generation, transmission and grid integration under different penetration rates, which illustrates the necessity of cost calculation for the overall wind power system.