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目的获得沈阳市2008-2012年5岁以下儿童死亡情况及主要死亡原因,探讨干预措施。方法对沈阳市2008-2012年5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2008-2012年沈阳市5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率和新生儿死亡率呈下降趋势。5岁以下儿童死亡率城乡差距缩小。早产低出生体重、先天性心脏病、其它先天异常、窒息、肺炎是5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。结论加强健康教育、预防早产低出生体重和出生缺陷发生、提高农村医疗保健水平、降低婴儿特别是新生儿死亡率,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。
Objective To obtain the deaths and the main causes of death among children under 5 years old in Shenyang from 2008 to 2012 and discuss the intervention measures. Methods The data of death monitoring of children under 5 years old in Shenyang from 2008 to 2012 were statistically analyzed. Results In 2008-2012, the death rate of children under 5 years of age, infant mortality rate and neonatal mortality rate in Shenyang decreased. Child mortality under 5 years The urban-rural gap narrows. Preterm birth Low birth weight, congenital heart disease, other congenital abnormalities, asphyxia, pneumonia are the leading causes of death among children under five years of age. Conclusions Strengthening health education, preventing premature birth, low birth weight and birth defects, improving rural health care and reducing infant and especially neonatal mortality are the keys to reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.