为探寻宁夏引黄灌区春小麦节水栽培的适宜灌水模式,比较分析了6个不同灌水处理(W1:二棱水+开花水;W2:二棱水;W3:拔节水;W4:二棱水+孕穗水;W5:二棱水+拔节水+孕穗水+开花水+灌浆水;W6:二棱水+拔节水+孕穗水+开花水)下春小麦光合性能、物质积累与转运、产量性状及水分利用的差异。结果表明,灌二棱水、孕穗水或开花水的W1、W4、W5、W6处理明显增加春小麦花后旗叶光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,灌二棱水和生育后期少灌水的W1、W2、W4处理明显增加花后旗叶胞间CO2浓度。灌水次数减少会显著增加旗叶SPAD值,并降低叶面积系数,其中以缺少二棱水的W3处理最为明显。灌有二棱水和孕穗水的W4处理明显降低抽穗至开花旗叶SPAD值,增加开花至灌浆旗叶SPAD值和抽穗至开花叶面积系数,灌开花水明显增加开花至灌浆旗叶面积。灌二棱水、拔节水、孕穗水、开花水明显促进了干物质积累,灌水次数增加明显增加了叶干物质积累量,并降低茎鞘干物质比例;缺少二棱水的W3处理最不利于叶、穗干物质积累,但提高了开花至成熟叶干物质比例;灌浆水对各器官干物质积累影响不明显。二棱期至开花期缺少灌水的W1、W3、W2处理促进了开花前贮藏同化物在花后向籽粒的转运。籽粒产量随灌水次数的增加而增加;缺少二棱水明显降低穗粒数、收获指数,但增加千粒重;增加灌水次数降低了灌水利用效率,且以灌二棱水影响最为明显。综上所述,缺少二棱水对春小麦产量影响最明显,孕穗水、开花水影响次之,灌浆水影响不明显。 In order to explore the suitable irrigation pattern of spring wheat water-saving cultivation in Yellow River Irrigation Area of ​​Ningxia, six different irrigation treatments (W1: two-edge water + flowering water; W2: W5: two-edge water + jointing water + booting water + flowering water + grouting water; W6: two-rowed water + jointing water + booting water + flowering water) under drought stress. Photosynthetic characteristics, material accumulation and translocation, Differences in utilization. The results showed that the W1, W4, W5 and W6 treatments of irrigation with double-edge water, booting or flowering water significantly increased the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of post-flowering flag leaf of flag leaf of spring wheat, W1 , W2, W4 treatment significantly increased the post-anthesis flag leaf intercellular CO2 concentration. The decrease of irrigation times could significantly increase the flag leaf SPAD value and decrease the leaf area coefficient, especially the W3 treatment with the lack of dihedral water was the most obvious. W4 irrigation with two-edge water and booting water significantly reduced the SPAD value from heading to flowering flag leaf, increasing the SPAD value from flowering to filling flag leaf and the area coefficient from heading to flowering leaf. The flowering flowering significantly increased the flowering to filling flag leaf area. Irrigation, dilatancy, booting water and flowering water obviously promoted the accumulation of dry matter, and the increase of irrigation times obviously increased the accumulation of leaf dry matter and the proportion of dry matter in stems and sheaths. Leaf and ear dry matter accumulation, but increased the proportion of dry matter from flowering to ripening leaf; the effect of grouting water on the accumulation of dry matter of various organs was not obvious. W1, W3, W2 treatments, which lacked irrigation from the two-seasons to the flowering stage, promoted the translocation of post-anther storage assimilates to the grain after flowering. The grain yield increased with the increase of irrigation times. The lack of dike water significantly reduced the number of grains per spike and the harvest index, but increased the 1000-grain weight. Increasing the irrigation frequency reduced the water use efficiency and the most obvious effect was irrigation dredging. In summary, the lack of two edge water on spring wheat yield the most obvious impact, booting water, flowering water, followed by filling water has little effect.