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本文以透视中国司法实践中的决定裁决结果的实际力量为立意,通过对热点案件的剖析,对裁判中利益衡量方法运用的过程、策略、规则进行了阐述与归纳。第一部分,简要论述了利益衡量的基本概念,并分析了利益衡量的四项基本内容:利益查明、利益分析、利益评判、法律论证。第二部分,通过多种案例的实证分析,发掘司法裁判中的利益发现、评价与平衡过程,探讨法院的司法技术、规则及理念,包括五个小部分:(1)从许霆案看法院在利益衡量中的价值取向,(2)从“钉子户”拆迁案看法院在裁决与执行中价值取向的背离,(3)从高空抛物案看法律模糊情境下平等主体之间的利益发现与选择,(4)从“红色经典作品案”看法院对于社会福利最大化的追求与努力,(5)从“北大方正案”看大法官的智慧与范例意义。第三部分,通过对全文案例的分析,对利益衡量中法院遵循的基本规则进行了归纳,并对其中的社会评价、法官的良知在利益衡量中发挥的作用进行了评述。
Based on the analysis of the hot cases, this paper elaborates and summarizes the process, strategies and rules of using the interest measurement method in the judgment. The first part briefly discusses the basic concepts of interest measurement, and analyzes the four basic elements of interest measurement: interest identification, benefit analysis, benefit evaluation and legal argumentation. In the second part, through the empirical analysis of various cases, the process of discovering, appraising and balancing interests in judicial adjudication is explored, and the judicial techniques, rules and concepts of the court are explored. It includes five sub-sections: (1) The value orientation in the measurement of interests, (2) the departure of the court from the value orientation in the ruling and execution from the case of demolition of “nail households”, (3) the discovery of the interests between equal subjects under the fuzzy legal situation (4) Judging from the pursuit and efforts of the court for the maximization of social welfare from the case of “Red Classic Works ”, (5) Judging the wisdom and exemplary significance of the Judges from “Peking University Founder Case”. The third part summarizes the basic rules followed by the court in the process of interest evaluation through the analysis of the case studies and comments on the role played by the social evaluation and the judges’ conscience in the measurement of interests.