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目的掌握柳河县居民健康素养水平,了解居民健康素养现状,为有关部门制定卫生政策和措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取柳河县287名常住人口进行问卷调查。采用中国健康教育中心统一设计的《2012中国公民健康素养调查问卷》,正确回答80%及以上调查内容者视为具备健康素养。结果柳河县居民健康素养总体水平为8.36%,基本知识和理念素养、基本技能素养、健康生活方式素养分别为68.54%、32.40%、1.05%。6类健康素养情况分别为安全与急救(57.84%)、信息素养(42.86%)、基本医疗(29.62%)、科学健康观(24.74%)、传染病预防(15.33%)、慢性病预防(6.27%)。结论柳河县居民健康素养水平较低,应进一步加强健康教育工作,开展行而有效的健康教育宣传,完善健康教育机制;同时工作重点应适当向慢性病预防健康教育倾斜,侧重改变居民不良生活习惯。
Objective To understand the health literacy level of residents in Liuhe County, understand the status quo of residents’ health literacy, and provide scientific evidences for the departments concerned to formulate health policies and measures. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect 287 permanent residents in Liuhe County for questionnaire survey. Using the “China Citizens’ Health Literacy Questionnaire 2012” uniformly designed by the China Health Education Center, correctly answering 80% or more of the survey content is regarded as having health literacy. Results The overall level of health literacy of residents in Liuhe was 8.36%. The basic knowledge and concept literacy, basic technical literacy and healthy lifestyle literacy were 68.54%, 32.40% and 1.05% respectively. The six kinds of health literacy were safety and first aid (57.84%), information literacy (42.86%), basic medical care (29.62%), scientific health outlook (24.74%), infectious disease prevention (15.33%) and chronic disease prevention (6.27% ). Conclusion The health literacy of residents in Liuhe County is relatively low. Health education should be further strengthened and public health education should be conducted effectively to improve health education mechanism. At the same time, emphasis should be placed on prevention of health education in chronic diseases, with a focus on changing the bad habits of residents.