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利用湖南省湘阴国家基本气象站近45年(1971-2015年)的气候资料,分析了湖南省南洞庭湖区湘阴县藠头与辣椒气象影响因素。据分析,近年黑白霜冻、春寒或倒春寒、5月低温、连阴雨在减弱,冬酣程度略在减弱;但冰冻灾害略增多、增强,高温热害发生频率提高,干旱频率和重度干旱频率都在增加。通过对80%稳定通过≥10℃、≥15℃、≥20℃的初日和初终日期统计分析,发现因气候变暖影响,早春相对以前温暖些。藠头和辣椒生产防低温、冷害、寒害和湿害气候有明显好转,但藠头苗期防冻害,辣椒采收期防高温、干旱等单一或复合灾害仍不能忽视。
Based on the climatic data of Xiangning National Basic Weather Station in Hunan Province during the recent 45 years (1971-2015), the influencing factors on the meteorological factors of Yuntou and chilli pepper in Xiangning County in Hunan Dongting Lake area were analyzed. According to the analysis, in recent years, frost in black and white, spring or late spring cold, low temperature in May, even the rainy rain is weakening, the winter soundness is slightly weakened; however, the number of frozen disasters is slightly increased, and the frequency of high-temperature heat damage is increased. Both the frequency of drought and the frequency of severe drought are increasing . Through the statistical analysis of the first days and the first days of 80% stable passage of ≥10 ℃, ≥15 ℃, ≥20 ℃, it is found that the effect of climate warming is relatively warm in early spring. The prevention of cold, chilling injury and damp weather have been obviously improved in the production of chickpea and chili. However, the single frost damage and the composite disaster such as frostbite in pepper seedling stage and drought and high temperature in pepper harvesting can not be neglected.