碱性磷酸酶(EC 3.1.3.1,ALP)的系统名是正磷酸单酯磷酸水解酶,其作用的最适pH偏碱,用于诊断酶学已有半个世纪。自50年代后期以来,已证实了各种ALP具有组织特异性。碱性磷酸酶的多型性人体组织提取液中的ALP和血清中ALP有着明显的差别,不仅其分子所带的电荷不一,分子的大小也不相同。人体ALP主要有下述三类。胎盘ALP有特定的基因位点,各等位基因同工酶具有特征性的电泳迁移率,为二聚 Alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1, ALP) system name is orthophosphate monophosphate phosphohydrolase, the role of pH optimum alkalinity, for the diagnosis of enzyme has been half a century. Since the late 1950s, various ALPs have been demonstrated to be tissue specific. Alkaline phosphatase polymorphism in human tissue extracts of ALP and serum ALP have obvious differences, not only the charge carried by their molecules, the molecular size is not the same. There are three main types of human ALP. Placental ALP has a specific genetic locus, each allele has a characteristic electrophoretic mobility of dimer