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宫颈癌严重危害女性健康，人乳头瘤病毒（ HPV）感染是宫颈癌的主要危险因素，但只有一部分HPV感染的患者最终发展为宫颈浸润癌。 HPV感染后引起的端粒酶活性改变与宫颈病变息息相关。其不仅在宫颈病变的发生、发展过程中起重要作用，而且也可用于宫颈病变的疗效评估。宫颈癌发生前有一个循序渐进且可逆转的癌前病变过程；因此，早预防、早发现、早治疗就显得格外重要。该文对近年来端粒酶中的hTERT、hTERC与HPV、宫颈病变的关系研究进展进行了综述，希望为未来宫颈癌的防治提供新思路。“,”Cervical cancer seriously endangers the health of women.Human papillomavirus ( HPV ) infection is the main risk factor for cervical cancer.However,only a fraction of HPV-infected patients eventually develop into invasive cervical cancer.The change of telomerase activity caused by HPV infection is closely related with cervical lesions,it not only plays an important role in the development of cervical lesions,but can also be used to assess the efficacy of treatment for cervical lesions .There is a gradual and reversible process of cervical precancerous lesion before the incidence of cervical cancer.Therefore,early prevention,detection and treatment is particularly important.Here is to make a review of the research progress on the relationship of hTERT,hTERC of telomerase and HPV with cervical lesions in recent years in order to provide ideas for future prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.