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本文利用在主要农艺性状和形态上存在显著差异的六个大豆基因型间的双列杂交,对成熟期、株高、主茎节数、百粒重和单株粒重等性状的遗传进行了图解分析,并且利用这些性状的数据估算的阵列方差(V_r)和协方差(W_r)等统计量间的关系进行了遗传解释。结果表明成熟期的6×6完全双列群体符合双列分析的所有假设,直线回归系数b=0.7597,与W_r+V_r值的相关密切(r=0.7086),可见早熟基因倾向显性。株高的遗传并不完全趋于显性,很可能存在向高低两个相反方向发展的因素。与株高的遗传动态相仿,主茎节数和百粒重的遗传并不都是由显性基因控制。六个亲本在控制单株粒重的遗传中都存在上位性效应。维尔金带有较多的早熟性和单株粒重的显性基因;设交76—5184具有较多的控制株高和百粒重的显性基因,合丰22号控制主茎节数的显性基因较多。
In this paper, the inheritance of traits such as maturity, plant height, number of main stems, grain weight per plant and grain weight per plant were studied by using the double crosses of six soybean genotypes with significant differences in major agronomic traits and morphologies The genetic analysis was carried out by using the data of these traits to estimate the relationship between array variance (V_r) and covariance (W_r). The results showed that the mature 6 × 6 complete double-line population was consistent with all the assumptions of the dual-line analysis. The linear regression coefficient b = 0.7597, which was closely related to the value of W_r + V_r (r = 0.7086). The heredity of plant height does not completely dominate the dominance, it is possible that there are two factors that may develop in opposite directions. Similar to the genetic dynamics of plant height, not all of the major stem segments and the 100-grain heredity are dominated by dominant genes. The six parents had epistatic effects in controlling the grain weight per plant. Virgins belonged to more dominant genes in early maturity and grain weight per plant. Jiaojiao 76-5184 had more dominant genes controlling plant height and 100-grain weight. Hefeng 22 controlled the number of main stems More dominant genes.