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土地所有制理论在马克思主义经济学理论体系中具有十分重要的地位。马克思和恩格斯一贯反对土地私有化,他们认为土地私有是荒谬性的、不合理的,因而主张土地公有。实现土地公有化有两种途径,一是对于大地产要收归国有并交由农业工人组成的农业生产合作社经营;二是对农民的小块土地所有制,应采取农民合作社的形式促使其向集体所有制过渡。当前我们应以马克思恩格斯土地所有制理论为指导,继续坚持我国农村土地集体所有制,反对部分学者提出的土地私有化主张;以新型农民合作社为载体继续发展壮大我国农村的集体经济。
The theory of land ownership plays a very important role in the theoretical system of Marxist economics. Marx and Engels have always opposed the privatization of land. They think the private ownership of land is absurd and unreasonable, and therefore advocate the public ownership of the land. There are two ways to realize the public ownership of the land. One is to manage the large-scale production of agricultural land that the state property should be nationalized and handed over to by agricultural workers; the other is to give peasants a small piece of land ownership. Farmers cooperatives should adopt the form of promoting them to the collective Ownership transition. At present, we should follow the theory of land ownership by Marx and Engels as a guide, continue to adhere to the collective ownership of rural land in our country, oppose the proposition of land privatization proposed by some scholars, and continue to develop and strengthen the collective economy in rural areas of our country with the new farmer cooperative.