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目的了解医院神经内科住院患者医院感染特点及其致病菌分布。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对医院神经内科连续3年住院患者医院感染情况及其致病菌分布进行了调查与分析。结果该医院神经内科3年共收治住院患者4 284例,发生医院感染153例,感染率为3.57%。感染部位以上呼吸道为主,占58.2%。患者的年龄、意识障碍、住院时间较长、吸痰和导尿等侵入性操作等是医院感染主要危险因素。感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,其中大肠埃希菌占首位,为51.90%。结论该医院神经内科患者医院感染率较高,并呈逐年上升趋势,危险因素和致病菌无特殊规律,建议结合调查结果有针对性地加强感染控制措施。
Objective To understand the characteristics of nosocomial infections in hospital neurology department and the distribution of their pathogenic bacteria. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to investigate and analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infections and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in inpatients in the department of neurology for three consecutive years. Results In the hospital of neurology, 4 284 hospitalized patients were admitted to the hospital in 3 years. There were 153 hospitalized cases with infection rate of 3.57%. Respiratory tract infection above the main, accounting for 58.2%. Patient’s age, unconsciousness, longer hospital stay, suction and catheterization and other invasive operations are the main risk factors for nosocomial infection. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens of infection, of which Escherichia coli accounted for 51.90%. Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infection in neurology department of this hospital is high and shows an upward trend year by year. There is no specific law of risk factors and pathogenic bacteria. It is suggested that the measures of infection control should be strengthened in accordance with the results of the investigation.