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机体散射对机载短偶极子天线方向性影响的研究已见论述,然而,有关实际的机载共形天线以及共形天线阵的分析还没见报导。我们对机载共形微带天线进行了分析,进而分析了机载共形微带线阵和面阵,考察了机身形状及机体散射对其方向性的影响,得出结论如下: 1.阵中天线采用单元相位补偿可以使机身曲率的变化对天线阵方向性影响不大; 2.机体散射在某些扫描角下对天线阵方向图副瓣影响较大; 3.在水平面方向图中,机体散射对面天线的影响比线天线要小。 在研究中我们发现,参考文[1]中提出的飞机模型具有局限性。本文给出了另外一种模型,适合天线位于飞机侧面时的机体散射分析,这样就可以根据天线在机身上的位置来决定采用两种飞机模型中的哪一形式。分析证明这一模型对机载共形相控阵天线的设计具有重要应用价值。
The effects of body scattering on the directivity of airborne short dipole antennas have been discussed. However, no analysis has been reported on actual airborne conformal antennas and conformal antenna arrays. We analyzed the airborne conformal microstrip antenna and then analyzed the on-board conformal microstrip line array and area array. The effects of the shape of the fuselage and the scattering of the airframe on the directivity of the antenna were investigated. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The antenna array phase compensation can make the body curvature changes have little effect on the antenna array directivity; 2. Body scattering at some scanning angles on the antenna array pattern sidelobes greater impact; 3. In the horizontal plane In the body of the antenna scattering effect than the antenna is smaller. In the study, we found that the aircraft model proposed in reference [1] has limitations. In this paper, another model is given, which is suitable for the scattering analysis of the body when the antenna is located on the side of the aircraft. In this way, which one of the two aircraft models is adopted can be decided according to the position of the antenna on the body. The analysis proves that this model has important application value to the design of airborne conformal phased array antenna.