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目的 探讨采用侧卧位直接前侧入路(DAA)行全髋关节置换手术治疗老年股骨颈骨折患者的早期疗效及安全性.方法 选取2015年10月至2017年4月解放军沈阳军区总医院骨科行初次单侧人工全髋关节置换手术的高龄股骨颈骨折患者60例.根据入路方式的不同,随机分为DAA组和PLA组,每组30例.记录比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、下床行走时间、住院时间、术后并发症的发生情况,以及术后1周,1、3、6个月采用Harris髋关节功能评分和视觉模拟评分法评定髋关节功能及患髋的疼痛情况.结果 对所有患者3~9个月,平均6.8个月.两组患者的手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组的术中出血量、术后引流量、下床行走时间、住院时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);the intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage,postoperative activity time,hospitality stay had statistically significant difference(P<0.05).HHS and VAS scores of DAA group after 1 week and 1 month of operation were higher than those of PLA group(P0.05).There were 1 case of postoperative dislocation in PLA group and no dislocation in DAA group,no other early postoperative complications occurred.Conclusion Compared with PLA,DAA in THA had the advantages of less bleeding,less pain,stronger anti dislocation ability and faster postoperative recovery.The method is feasible and the effect is better.