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目的了解江苏省射阳县农村居民对高血压相关知识、行为、需求情况及其影响因素,为采取有针对性的高血压健康教育与健康促进措施提供依据。方法以多级分层整群随机抽样法,对射阳县18岁以上常住居民进行问卷调查,同时测量身高、体重和血压。结果调查对象的高血压患病率为27.6%,男性为23.2%,女性为32.1%,男女患病率均随年龄增长而上升。高血压相关知识知晓率在12.9%~88.1%之间,行为形成率在10.8%~80.2%之间,健康知识需求率在31.5%~76.3%之间。超重、年龄、职业、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠不足、心理压力较大、饮食习惯不良等影响因素与高血压发生有关(P<0.05)。结论射阳县农村居民高血压患病率较高,而高血压相关知识知晓率与行为形成率不高,应根据不同人群的需求采取有针对性地健康教育健康促进干预措施。
Objective To understand the hypertension-related knowledge, behaviors and needs of rural residents in Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province and their influential factors, and to provide the basis for taking targeted hypertension health education and health promotion measures. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey the permanent residents above 18 years old in Sheyang County, and to survey the height, weight and blood pressure. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 27.6% in the surveyed subjects, 23.2% in males and 32.1% in females. The prevalence of both men and women increased with age. The awareness rate of hypertension-related knowledge ranged from 12.9% to 88.1%, the rate of behavior formation ranged from 10.8% to 80.2%, and the health knowledge demand rate ranged from 31.5% to 76.3%. Overweight, age, occupation, smoking, drinking, lack of sleep, psychological stress, poor eating habits and other influencing factors associated with hypertension (P <0.05). Conclusions The rural residents in Sheyang County have a higher prevalence of hypertension and a lower awareness of hypertension-related knowledge and behavior formation rate. Health-oriented interventions for health education should be taken according to the needs of different populations.