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目的分析郴州市肺结核疫情动态,为预防和控制肺结核提供科学依据。方法对13年间的肺结核疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果郴州市1997-2009年肺结核年均发病率为60.74/10万,从1997年的40.25/10万上升至2005年的84.66/10万,之后一直围绕80.00/10万高位波动,1997-2001、2002-2006和2007-2009年三个时段的年均发病率分别为39.40/10万、68.56/10万和83.70/10万,三时段发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=3 063.40,P<0.01);发病主要集中在20~55岁,占总发病数的63.28%,男女发病比例为2.67:1;职业主要为农民、工人和学生,分别占总发病数的69.09%、7.04%和3.94%。结论郴州市肺结核发病率较高,且有上升趋势,应严格实施现代结核病控制策略(DOTS策略),加强结核病控制项目管理,加大病人发现力度。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Chenzhou and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The epidemiological data of pulmonary tuberculosis outbreak in 13 years were described. Results The annual average incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Chenzhou from 1997 to 2009 was 60.74 / lakh, rising from 40.25 / lakh in 1997 to 84.66 / lakh in 2005, and fluctuating around 80.00 / lakh high since 1997-2001. The average annual incidence rates in three periods of 2002-2006 and 2007-2009 were 39.40 / 100000, 68.56 / 100000 and 83.70 / 100000 respectively. There was significant difference in the incidence of the three periods (χ2 = 3 063.40, P < 0.01). The incidence mainly concentrated in 20-55 years old, accounting for 63.28% of the total number of cases and the incidence of male and female was 2.67: 1. The main occupations were peasants, workers and students, accounting for 69.09%, 7.04% and 3.94 %. Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in Chenzhou City is high and there is an upward trend. The modern strategy of controlling tuberculosis (DOTS) should be strictly enforced to strengthen the management of TB control projects and increase the detection of patients.