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目的探讨EB病毒在多发性骨髓瘤的病因作用及新型疫苗治疗多发性骨髓瘤的作用。方法用多聚酶链反应（PCR）的方法检测21例多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者瘤细胞的EB病毒DNA；应用间接免疫荧光法检测瘤细胞上MHCⅠ、Ⅱ类分子及共刺激分子B7-1的表达；应用细胞因子与瘤细胞制成的疫苗主动免疫治疗4例MM患者。结果发现66.7％的MM患者瘤细胞内有EB病毒DNA；瘤细胞膜多表达MHCⅠ、Ⅱ分子及B7－1。4例MM患者用疫苗治疗后3例取得明显疗效。结论EB病毒很可能是MM的病因，与B7－1阳性的细胞及细胞因子联合制成的疫苗主动免疫治疗MM具有较明显的疗效。
Objective To investigate the etiology of Epstein-Barr virus in multiple myeloma and the role of novel vaccines in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Methods Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in tumor cells of 21 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect MHC class I and class II molecules and co-stimulatory molecule B7-1 on tumor cells. Expression; 4 cases of MM patients were actively treated with cytokines and vaccines made from tumor cells. The results showed that 66.7% of MM patients had Epstein-Barr virus DNA in tumor cells; tumor cell membranes expressed MHC I, II molecules, and B7-1. 4 cases of MM patients treated with vaccines achieved significant efficacy. Conclusion Epstein-Barr virus may be the cause of MM. Active immunotherapy with MM combined with B7-1 positive cells and cytokines has obvious efficacy.