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通过热挤压工艺制备了不同挤压比的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Er线材,采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)和拉伸性能以及电阻率测试等方法研究了不同挤压比对合金线材显微组织、力学性能和导电性能的影响。结果表明,随挤压比增大,晶粒尺寸减小;同时,合金挤压过程中,合金中原骨骼状的Al2Cu相和Al8Cu4Er相破碎,分别呈块状和颗粒状。在较高的挤压比(λ=50~100)下,块状的Al2Cu相部分溶解,Al8Cu4Er相仍稳定存在。随挤压比增大,合金的抗拉强度和伸长率提高,电阻率增大;挤压合金的力学性能和电阻率受到晶粒细化,析出相粒子熔化和材料加工硬化的综合影响。
The Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Er wires with different extrusion ratios were prepared by hot extrusion process. The microstructure of the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Er wires were characterized by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Resistivity test and other methods to study the different extrusion ratio of the alloy wire microstructure, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. The results show that with the extrusion ratio increasing, the grain size decreases. At the same time, the Al2Cu phase and Al8Cu4Er phase in the alloy are broken during the extrusion process. At higher extrusion ratio (λ = 50-100), the bulk Al2Cu phase is partially dissolved and the Al8Cu4Er phase is still stable. As the extrusion ratio increases, the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy increase, and the resistivity increases. The mechanical properties and resistivity of the extruded alloy are affected by the grain refinement, the precipitation of phase particles and the work hardening of the material.