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目的研究安徽省食物中毒发生的特点及规律,为制订预防措施提供依据。方法对安徽省5年来食物中毒发生的基本情况、行业分布、中毒原因、季节分布进行分析。结果5年中,安徽省共发生食物中毒242起,中毒人数共4 519人,死亡33人。中毒起数、中毒人数呈现逐步下降的趋势,死亡人数呈现先上升后下降的趋势。食物中毒以第三季度最多,占总中毒起数的57.44%。食物中毒主要在家庭发生,占总中毒起数的36.36%;其次为餐饮服务单位和集体食堂。中毒类型以农药及化学物为主,其次为生物性和原因不明食物中毒。结论要加强食品卫生监管,加强对重点行业的监管,加强食品从业卫生知识和卫生法律、法规知识的培训,广泛宣传,提高消费者的自我保护意识。
Objective To study the characteristics and laws of food poisoning in Anhui Province and provide the basis for making preventive measures. Methods The basic situation, industrial distribution, poisoning causes and seasonal distribution of food poisoning in Anhui Province during the past five years were analyzed. Results In the five years, a total of 242 food poisoning cases occurred in Anhui Province, with a total of 4 519 poisoning and 33 fatalities. The number of poisoning, the number of poisoning showed a gradual downward trend, the death toll showed a upward trend first and then downward trend. Food poisoning up to the third quarter, accounting for 57.44% of the total number of poisoning. Food poisoning occurred mainly in the family, accounting for 36.36% of the total number of poisonings; followed by catering service units and collective canteens. The types of pesticides and chemicals mainly poisoned, followed by biological and unexplained food poisoning. Conclusion The supervision of food hygiene should be strengthened, the supervision of key industries should be strengthened, the training of food hygiene and health laws and regulations should be strengthened, the publicity should be widely promoted, and consumers’ self-protection awareness should be raised.