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低共熔型体系是那些组分在液态无限互溶而在固态互不相溶(由于物质在固态中的互溶是普遍存在的现象,故严格说来,在固态互不相溶应理解为在固态的互溶度很小),且无化合物生成的体系。属于这类体系的熔体当自液态冷却时,结晶出与体系组分数目相等的固相,而这些固相一般为机械混合物。关于这种类型体系的组成-硬度关系,很早就为人们注意和研究。因为,找寻到这种关系,便可据之以制取具指定硬度的材料。显然这在实际上是有其重要意义的。早在1906年,A. B. 萨波什尼柯夫(can)等在研究Pb-Sb体系时,曾发现其组成-硬度关系是
Eutectic systems are those in which the components are immiscible in the liquid state and immiscible in the solid state (due to the fact that the mutual solubility of the substances in the solid state is ubiquitous and that, strictly speaking, incompatible in the solid state is to be understood as meaning that in the solid state Of mutual solubility is small), and no compound generated system. The melts that belong to this type of system, when cooled from the liquid state, crystallize out of the solid phase equal in number to the system components, and these are usually mechanical mixtures. The composition-stiffness relationship of this type of system has long been observed and studied by people. Because, to find this relationship, according to which can be made with the specified hardness of the material. Obviously this is actually of great significance. As early as 1906, B. B. Soboshnikov et al., When studying the Pb-Sb system, found that the composition-hardness relationship was