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利用新兴古典经济学中的超边际分析方法,通过引入外生政府来分析后发国家处于“自给自足”与分工之间的临界状态时,政府在促进分工演进中的作用。研究表明,在此临界状态下,个人没有动力促进分工演进,政府为了获取更多的税收,有动力通过提高交易效率以促进分工演进。并且,在不同的初始条件下,政府在促进分工演进过程中的政策变化会产生不同的福利影响。
By using the method of inframarginal analysis in emerging classical economics, this paper analyzes the role of government in promoting the evolution of division of labor when the latecomer countries are in a critical state between self-sufficiency and division of labor through the introduction of exogenous government. The research shows that under this critical condition, individuals have no motive power to promote the evolution of division of labor. In order to obtain more revenue, the government has the impetus to promote the evolution of division of labor by increasing transaction efficiency. And, under different initial conditions, the government’s policy changes in promoting the evolution of division of labor will have different welfare effects.