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司马迁的《河渠书》专篇记载水利,是我国第一部水利专史。 汉武帝时,黄河频繁决口。最著名的一次决口发生在元光三年(公元前132年),即位于河南濮阳县西南瓠子的决口。决口后,“东南注巨野,通于淮泗”,洪灾遍布16郡,连续23年,洪水泛滥横流,人民流离失所,灾情极为严重。汉武帝感慨赋《瓠子》诗:“瓠子决兮将奈何?……为我谓河伯兮河不仁,泛滥不止兮愁吾人！”元封二年(公元前109年),汉武帝亲临现场,命将军以下的随从官员都要背负柴草、土料参加施工。通过几万军民的英勇奋战,决口终于堵塞了,并修建宣防宫以作纪念。身为太史令的司马迁也亲自参加了瓠子堵口这一著名的水利
Sima Qian’s “river canal book” special articles records of water conservancy, is China’s first history of water conservancy. Han Emperor Wu, the Yellow River burst frequently. The most famous burst occurred in three years yuan (132 BC), which is located in Puyang County, southwest clapper son of the burst. After the ripples, “Southeast Juye, through Huai Si,” flooding over 16 counties, for 23 consecutive years, flooding floods, the displacement of people, the disaster is extremely serious. Han Wudi emotion “Fuzi” poem: “The son of Xi Come? What is it? ... For me that the river is not merciless, flooding more than melancholy!” Yuan Feng two years (109 BC), Han Wudi visit the scene, Generals followers of the following officers must carry firewood, soil material to participate in the construction. Through the heroic and heroic fight of tens of thousands of people and civilians, the rift was finally blocked and the Xuan Fang Palace was built as a memorial. Sima Qian, who was a Tai Shiling, also personally participated in the famous water conservancy project