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一、非谓语动词概说
1．非谓语动词与谓语动词区别
非谓语动词即动词不定式、动名词和分词。在句中的作用与动词的区别见下表（说明：在表中√表示可以；×表示不可以）
动词
作用
主语谓语宾语宾补定语状语表语自带宾语或状语与主语人称和数一致有时态变化有语态变化
谓语动词×√×××√×√√√√
非谓语动词√×√√√√√√×√√
2．非谓语动词作主语、宾语
非谓语种类主语宾语
动词不定式√√
动名词√√
分词现在分词××
过去分词××
3．非谓语动词作宾语补足语
非谓语种类宾语补足语例句
动词不定式√He asked me to sing the song again.
动名词×
分词现在分词√We saw them walking across the road.
过去分词√He saw the window broken.
4．非谓语动词的被动语态（以 write为例）
非谓语种类主动语态被动语态
动词不定式to writeto be written
动名词writingbeing written
分词现在分词writingbeing written
过去分词×written
二、非谓语动词使用注意事项
1．可以用it作形式主语和宾语。例如：
It isn’t easy for her to find a new job.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
News services make it possible for newspapers to give their readers news from around the world.
2．介词but / except后接不定式作宾语时，如前面有实义动词do，不定式就要省略to。例如：They did nothing but complain.
3．作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词；不定式作定语一般表示将来的动作，但修饰有序数词或形容词最高级限定的名词时，则表示已完成的动作。例如：
Please give me a knife to cut with.
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
4．现在分词作定语，通常表示与先行词之间是主动关系；如果现在分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，就要用分词的独立主格结构。例如：
The taxi taking us to the airport broke down.
We explored the cave, Peter acting as a guide.
5．过去分词一般在句中作宾补、表语、定语和状语，通常表示已完成的被动动作或一种状态。例如：You’d better have the television repaired.
6．过去分词表示的动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。例如：Have you read the novel written by Dickens?
7．现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。例如：Listen！The song being sung is very popular with the students.
8．不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。例如：
The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
三、非谓语动词专练
Ⅰ．选择填空
1. The teacher will show us the computer.
A. to useB. how to use
C. usedD. using
2. Jack enjoys story books.
A. to readB. reads
C. readingD. how to read
3. She asked me more loudly.
A. to speakB. speak
C. speakingD. spoke
4. Zhang Hong made the baby.
A. laughB. to laugh
C. laughedD. laughing
5. There is nothing.
A. for us to worry
B. of us to worry
C. for us to worry about
D. worry about
6. It is a very good school.
A. to studyB. to study in
C. to study in itD. studying it
7. I went over only.
A. say goodbye to him
B. saying goodbye to him
C. to say goodbye to him
D. what to say goodbye to him
8. Helen is go to school.
A. enough oldB. old enough to
C. old enoughD. enough old to
9. You’d better bring the clothes in; it’s about.
A. to rainB. raining
C. rainD. rained
10. He let me the work yesterday.
A. to finishB. finish
C. finishingD. finished
11. He told his wife out tonight.
A. don’t goB. not go
C. didn’t goD. not to go
12. It takes us half an hour English every morning.
A. readB. reads
C. to readD. reading
13. It’s very kind me.
A. of you to helpB. for you to help
C. of you helpingD. for you help
14. Her wish is a teacher.
A. becomingB. become
C. to becomeD. became
15. Do you want the book?
A. to borrowB. borrow
C. borrowingD. borrowed
Ⅱ．用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. In the town I have a friend (call) Mei Mei.
2. Our English teacher is often heard (sing) in her room.
3. The next day they found the hills (cover) with snow.
4. Will you please (not open) the window?
5. They jumped into the river (save) the little boy.
6. All the students are busy (get) ready for the Chinese exam.
7. There were no seats on the bus, so I kept (stand) all the time.
8. Thank you very much for (help) me with my maths.
9. It took me an hour (finish) (do) my homework last night.
10. The twins prefer watching TV to (play) basketball.
参考答案
Ⅰ．1—5 BCAAC
6—10 BCBAB
11—15 DCACA
Ⅱ．1. called
2. to sing
3. covered
4. not open
5. to save
6. getting
7. standing
8. helping
9. to finish, doing
10. playing
（作者：康传桂，海安县李堡中学）
1．非谓语动词与谓语动词区别
非谓语动词即动词不定式、动名词和分词。在句中的作用与动词的区别见下表（说明：在表中√表示可以；×表示不可以）
动词
作用
主语谓语宾语宾补定语状语表语自带宾语或状语与主语人称和数一致有时态变化有语态变化
谓语动词×√×××√×√√√√
非谓语动词√×√√√√√√×√√
2．非谓语动词作主语、宾语
非谓语种类主语宾语
动词不定式√√
动名词√√
分词现在分词××
过去分词××
3．非谓语动词作宾语补足语
非谓语种类宾语补足语例句
动词不定式√He asked me to sing the song again.
动名词×
分词现在分词√We saw them walking across the road.
过去分词√He saw the window broken.
4．非谓语动词的被动语态（以 write为例）
非谓语种类主动语态被动语态
动词不定式to writeto be written
动名词writingbeing written
分词现在分词writingbeing written
过去分词×written
二、非谓语动词使用注意事项
1．可以用it作形式主语和宾语。例如：
It isn’t easy for her to find a new job.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
News services make it possible for newspapers to give their readers news from around the world.
2．介词but / except后接不定式作宾语时，如前面有实义动词do，不定式就要省略to。例如：They did nothing but complain.
3．作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词；不定式作定语一般表示将来的动作，但修饰有序数词或形容词最高级限定的名词时，则表示已完成的动作。例如：
Please give me a knife to cut with.
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
4．现在分词作定语，通常表示与先行词之间是主动关系；如果现在分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，就要用分词的独立主格结构。例如：
The taxi taking us to the airport broke down.
We explored the cave, Peter acting as a guide.
5．过去分词一般在句中作宾补、表语、定语和状语，通常表示已完成的被动动作或一种状态。例如：You’d better have the television repaired.
6．过去分词表示的动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。例如：Have you read the novel written by Dickens?
7．现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。例如：Listen！The song being sung is very popular with the students.
8．不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。例如：
The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
三、非谓语动词专练
Ⅰ．选择填空
1. The teacher will show us the computer.
A. to useB. how to use
C. usedD. using
2. Jack enjoys story books.
A. to readB. reads
C. readingD. how to read
3. She asked me more loudly.
A. to speakB. speak
C. speakingD. spoke
4. Zhang Hong made the baby.
A. laughB. to laugh
C. laughedD. laughing
5. There is nothing.
A. for us to worry
B. of us to worry
C. for us to worry about
D. worry about
6. It is a very good school.
A. to studyB. to study in
C. to study in itD. studying it
7. I went over only.
A. say goodbye to him
B. saying goodbye to him
C. to say goodbye to him
D. what to say goodbye to him
8. Helen is go to school.
A. enough oldB. old enough to
C. old enoughD. enough old to
9. You’d better bring the clothes in; it’s about.
A. to rainB. raining
C. rainD. rained
10. He let me the work yesterday.
A. to finishB. finish
C. finishingD. finished
11. He told his wife out tonight.
A. don’t goB. not go
C. didn’t goD. not to go
12. It takes us half an hour English every morning.
A. readB. reads
C. to readD. reading
13. It’s very kind me.
A. of you to helpB. for you to help
C. of you helpingD. for you help
14. Her wish is a teacher.
A. becomingB. become
C. to becomeD. became
15. Do you want the book?
A. to borrowB. borrow
C. borrowingD. borrowed
Ⅱ．用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. In the town I have a friend (call) Mei Mei.
2. Our English teacher is often heard (sing) in her room.
3. The next day they found the hills (cover) with snow.
4. Will you please (not open) the window?
5. They jumped into the river (save) the little boy.
6. All the students are busy (get) ready for the Chinese exam.
7. There were no seats on the bus, so I kept (stand) all the time.
8. Thank you very much for (help) me with my maths.
9. It took me an hour (finish) (do) my homework last night.
10. The twins prefer watching TV to (play) basketball.
参考答案
Ⅰ．1—5 BCAAC
6—10 BCBAB
11—15 DCACA
Ⅱ．1. called
2. to sing
3. covered
4. not open
5. to save
6. getting
7. standing
8. helping
9. to finish, doing
10. playing
（作者：康传桂，海安县李堡中学）