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制陶是傣族传统文化体系的重要组成部分,目前仍分布在西双版纳、德宏、红河、玉溪、临沧和普洱等州市,几乎遍及傣族生活的各个区域。傣族制陶以妇女的业余生产为主,手工制作、低温烧制的生活器皿是其标志性产品。现代以来,这项古老的技艺因为受到工业陶瓷制品的竞争而出现萎缩,但跻身国家级非物质文化遗产名录,也让它获得了更多的关注与机遇。与此同时,傣族制陶开始受到泰国等地陶器装饰风格的影响。在一些偏僻的地区,老人们仍在努力维持生产,但也有很多地方的制陶人选择采用现代设备和技术完成转型。如何看待并评价这些变化是当下非物质文化遗产研究中必须面对的问题。
Ceramic is an important part of the traditional culture system of the Dai people. Currently, pottery is still distributed in Xishuangbanna, Dehong, Honghe, Yuxi, Lincang and Pu’er cities, covering almost all areas of the Dai people’s life. Dai ceramics to women’s amateur production-based, hand-made, low-temperature firing of life vessels is its landmark product. Since ancient times, this ancient art has shrunk due to competition from industrial ceramics. However, placing it among the national list of intangible cultural heritage has given it more attention and opportunity. At the same time, Dai ceramics began to be influenced by the decorative style of pottery in Thailand and other places. In some remote areas, the elderly are still struggling to maintain their production, but many local potters choose to use modern equipment and technology to complete the transformation. How to treat and evaluate these changes is the current problem that must be faced in the study of intangible cultural heritage.