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近年来海水富营养化导致近海海域大型海藻过量繁殖,为研究大型海藻与营养盐的相互关系,我们采用实验生态学的方法研究了4种大型海藻(孔石莼、小珊瑚藻、缘管浒苔、石花菜)单养和两两混养条件下的生长、营养盐(PO4-P和NO3-N)含量变化以及营养盐吸收利用情况。结果表明,单养条件下,孔石莼的湿重增长最多(46.4%),其相对增长率显著高于缘管浒苔、小珊瑚藻、石花菜。孔石莼+缘管浒苔、孔石莼+小珊瑚藻、孔石莼+石花菜混养体系中,孔石莼的相对增长率显著高于缘管浒苔、小珊瑚藻、石花菜,其他混养体系中两种大型海藻的相对增长率无显著差异。在单养条件下培养10d,海藻对PO4-P、NO3-N的利用率分别以孔石莼(85.4%)、缘管浒苔(72.6%)为最大,而石花菜对两种营养盐的利用率均最小(51.1%和57.1%)。在混养条件下,PO4-P、NO3-N的最高利用率分别出现在孔石莼+小珊瑚藻(86.3%)和缘管浒苔+小珊瑚藻(81.7%)体系中。无论单养还是混养,海藻对PO4-P和NO3-N的吸收速率都在第2d达到峰值。因此,大型海藻可以有效地去除营养盐,4种藻中,孔石莼和缘管浒苔分别是去除PO4-P和NO3-N的最佳大型海藻。本研究结果可以为利用大型海藻进行环境污染的治理提供支持。
In recent years, seawater eutrophication led to overproduction of large seaweeds in offshore waters. To study the relationship between large seaweeds and nutrients, we used experimental ecology methods to study the effects of four large seaweeds (Ulva pertusa, Moss, and seaweed) growth and nutrient content (PO4-P and NO3-N) under monoculture and monocultures, as well as nutrient absorption and utilization. The results showed that under monoculture condition, the wet weight growth of Pseudostellaria microphylla was the highest (46.4%), and its relative growth rate was significantly higher than that of Enteromorpha prolifera, Microcalpus concanus and Lithocarpus. The relative growth rate of Ulva pertusa was significantly higher than that of Phyllostachys edulis, Coral reef, Sea buckthorn, There was no significant difference in the relative growth rates of the two macroalgae in other polyculture systems. Under the single-culture condition, the utilization of seaweed to PO4-P and NO3-N was the largest in the borer (85.4%) and the marginal tube Enteromorpha (72.6%), respectively. However, Utilization rates were the lowest (51.1% and 57.1%). Under polyculture conditions, the highest utilization rates of PO4-P and NO3-N were found in the system of Pinus 莼 + small coral algae (86.3%) and Enteromorpha prolifera + small coral algae (81.7%), respectively. No matter monoculture or polyculture, the absorption rate of PO4-P and NO3-N by seaweed reached the peak on the 2d. Therefore, large-scale seaweed can effectively remove nutrients. Among the four species of algae, Castanopsis kawakamii and Enteromorpha prolifera are respectively the best macroalgae for removing PO4-P and NO3-N. The results of this study can provide support for the use of large seaweed in the control of environmental pollution.