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为探明不同栽培措施对小麦产量的调控差异,以强筋小麦济麦20和中筋小麦中麦8号为试验材料,采用三因素裂区设计,以施氮量为主区,设150、210、270 kg·hm-23个水平;以行距为裂区,设12、20cm 2个水平;以供试品种为小裂区,设济麦20和中麦8号2个水平,在高产栽培条件下研究不同施氮量和行距对冬小麦产量的影响及其生理基础。结果表明,济麦20和中麦8号,2种小麦籽粒产量均在270kg·hm-2施氮量水平下得到显著提高;在210 kg·hm-2或270 kg·hm-2施氮量条件下,20 cm行距更有利于2个小麦品种高产的形成。随着施氮量增加或行距增大,2个小麦品种旗叶SPAD值和净光合速率均在270 kg·hm-2施氮量和20 cm行距条件下保持较高值,可积累更多光合产物,为实现高产奠定基础。因此,本试验条件下,济麦20和中麦8号均在270 kg·hm-2施氮量、20cm行距组合下达到高产。本研究得到了小麦高产的最佳施氮量和行距组合,这对我国冬小麦高产栽培具有一定的指导意义。
In order to find out the difference of the regulation of wheat yield under different cultivation measures, the strong gluten wheat Jimai 20 and the middle gluten wheat Zhongmai 8 were used as the experimental materials. The three-factor split zone design was adopted. , 270 kg · hm-23 levels; with row spacing as the split zone, set 12,20cm 2 levels; the test varieties for the small split zone, set Jimo 20 and Zhongmai 8 two levels, under high yielding cultivation conditions Under different N rates and spacing on the yield of winter wheat and its physiological basis. The results showed that the grain yield of both wheat varieties Jinmai 20 and Zhongmai 8 were significantly increased under the nitrogen application rate of 270kg · hm-2. Under the nitrogen application rates of 210 kg · hm-2 or 270 kg · hm-2, Under the condition of 20 cm spacing, it is more conducive to the formation of high yield of two wheat cultivars. With the increase of nitrogen application rate or row spacing, the flag leaf SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of two wheat cultivars maintained high values under the nitrogen application rate of 270 kg · hm-2 and the row spacing of 20 cm, which could accumulate more photosynthesis Product, lay the foundation for high yield. Therefore, under the experimental conditions, both Jimai 20 and Zhongmai 8 reached high yield under the nitrogen application rate of 270 kg · hm-2 and row spacing of 20 cm. In this study, we got the best nitrogen application rate and row spacing combination for high yield of wheat, which is of guiding significance to the high yielding cultivation of winter wheat in our country.