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激光烧蚀冲量耦合特性是激光清除空间碎片的基础,高精度的冲量测量方法是研究冲量耦合特性的必须手段。以扭摆系统测量激光烧蚀空间碎片产生的冲量为背景,分析扭摆法测量原理,得到脉冲力作用下的扭摆系统响应方程,为测量系统设计和实验测量研究奠定基础。根据实际激光清除空间碎片过程中,激光以一定的重复频率作用空间碎片为前提,研究多脉冲力作用下的扭摆系统响应特性,得到的结论如下:在脉冲力作用下,系统响应曲线为正弦曲线,振动幅度衰减程度取决于阻尼比大小,曲线震荡幅度大小取决于脉冲力的冲量;当力的作用时间小于周期的1/8时,可认为是瞬间作用;瞬间作用时,尽管脉冲力数目不同,但总力矩相同情况下,扭摆系统响应效果基本一致;通过模型推导,系统模型误差与阻尼比、力的作用时间与系统周期比值有关。
The impulse coupling characteristics of laser ablation are the basis of laser clearing space debris. The high accuracy impulse measurement method is an essential means to study the impulse coupling characteristics. Taking the torsion system measuring the impulse generated by laser ablation of space debris as the background, the measurement principle of the torsion method is analyzed, and the response equation of the torsion system under the impulsive force is obtained, which lays the foundation for the measurement system design and experimental measurement research. According to the fact that the laser is used to clean the space debris, the laser irradiates the space debris with a certain repetition frequency. The response characteristics of the torsion system under multi-pulse force are studied. The conclusions are as follows: Under the pulse force, the response curve of the system is sinusoidal , The degree of vibration attenuation depends on the damping ratio, the amplitude of the curve depends on the pulse impulse; when the force acting time is less than 1/8 of the cycle, can be considered as an instantaneous effect; instantaneous effect, although the impulse force is different , But under the same total torque, the response of the torsional vibration system is basically the same. Through model deduction, the error and damping ratio of the system model and the action time of the force are related to the ratio of the system period.