急性丙型肝炎占全部肝炎5%,大约50%转为慢性肝病。感染的高危因素包括:静脉注射药物(21%～42%)、输血史(6%～17%)、多性伴侣(6%),约40%～50%的病例无明显诱因。血清抗体流行病学调查表明:70.8%有静脉注射药物历史,11.6%合并有HIV感染,8.8%为卖淫者,1.2%为医务人员,0.5%～1.4%为献血者。新生儿感染取决于孕妇感染的时间,孕中期孕妇发生急性感染未发现有围产期传播,孕妇孕晚期发生急、慢性肝炎致新生几感染率为45%～87.5%。由于丙肝发病率低且70%筛查试验可为假阳性,故广泛筛查价值不大,但对高危病人仍属必要。 Acute hepatitis C accounts for 5% of all hepatitis and about 50% to chronic liver disease. Infection risk factors include: intravenous drug (21% -42%), transfusion history (6% -17%), polygamous (6%), about 40% to 50% of cases no obvious incentive. Epidemiological survey of serum antibody showed that 70.8% had history of IV drug injection, 11.6% had HIV infection, 8.8% were prostitutes, 1.2% were medical staff and 0.5% ~ 1.4% were blood donors. Neonatal infection depends on the time of infection in pregnant women, pregnant women during the second trimester of acute infection found no perinatal transmission, pregnant women acute and chronic hepatitis caused by a few new infections rate of 45% to 87.5%. Due to the low incidence of hepatitis C and the 70% screening test, which may be falsely positive, extensive screening is of little value but is still necessary for high-risk patients.