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自然界中,碳晶体有好几种。最常见的一种是六方晶系石墨,它的结构如图1所示。晶胞内有4个碳原子,晶格常数α_0=2.4612(?),C_0=6.708(?)。晶体的理论密度是单位晶胞中碳原子质量除以单位晶胞的体积。一克分子碳有6.02252×10~(-23)个原子,而一克分子碳的质量为12.011克,所以一个碳原子的质量(M)为:
There are several types of carbon crystals in nature. The most common one is hexagonal graphite, its structure shown in Figure 1. There are four carbon atoms in the unit cell, the lattice constant α_0 = 2.4612 (?), C_0 = 6.708 (?). The theoretical density of a crystal is the mass of carbon atoms in a unit cell divided by the volume of a unit cell. One gram of carbon has 6.02252 x 10 ~ (-23) atoms and one gram of carbon has a mass of 12.011 grams, so the mass (M) of one carbon is: