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转向架作为车辆重要组成部分,要承受多种载荷的作用,如垂向的静载荷及动载荷、轮轨作用产生的水平载荷、以及惯性力及制动力产生的纵向载荷和冲击载荷。在这些载荷的综合作用和影响下,转向架的各零部件会承受弯曲、拉伸、剪切、扭转等应力作用,经过一段时间的运用,零部件会产生磨耗、变形、裂纹、腐蚀等损伤。在车辆的定期检修中对转向架零部件及配合状态进行认真检查,排除故障,对保持车辆良好技术状态,确保列车运行安全具有重要的意义。
As an important part of the vehicle, the bogie has to bear a variety of loads, such as vertical static load and dynamic load, horizontal load caused by the wheel and rail, longitudinal load and impact load caused by inertia and braking force. Under the combined action and influence of these loads, the components of the bogie will be subject to the bending, stretching, shearing, twisting and other stress effects. After a period of use, parts will have wear, deformation, cracks and corrosion damage . In the regular maintenance of vehicles on the bogie parts and with the state to carefully check and troubleshoot, to maintain a good technical condition of the vehicle to ensure the safety of train operation is of great significance.