A structure model of urban traffic system evolution is built based on the analysis of the factors influencing the system evolution and the hierarchy between the
Optimization of the operational route in the automated storage/retrieval system(AS/RS) is transformed into the traveling salesman problem.To make the moving distance of the storage/retrieval machine s
The relationship between the data to be transmitted and the signal phase in the 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) constellation is derived. Then