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本文集中讨论自然写作修辞的基本分类,主要目的是论证所有修辞都具有政治含意。自然写作文类修辞在认识论美文和政治论檄文两种修辞模式之间波动。一些自然写作作家倾向于离散地使用两种修辞,而一些作家则把政治论镶嵌在认识论美文之中,达到更深层持久的环境思想与价值的转变。作者在文章中集中讨论了20世纪初期与中期的亨利·拜斯顿、奥尔多·利奥颇德、雷彻尔·卡森以及罗恩·埃斯利作品中出现的对认识论问题的执著探求与对意识形态的清晰表述之间的张力。4位作家既对自然历史以及自身在自然秩序中的位置表现出孜孜不倦的求索,又渴望提升公众关注当代社会问题的意识,他们把两者有机地结合起来。作者把他们与早期的马瑟与爱德华兹呼应起来论述,提出美国自然写作衍生于美国文学传统。
This article focuses on the basic classification of natural writing rhetoric, the main purpose is to demonstrate that all rhetoric has political implications. The natural writing rhetoric fluctuates between the two rhetorical modes of epistemological and political rhetoric. Some natural writers tend to use two kinds of rhetoric discretely, while some writers embed political theory in epistemological beauty to achieve deeper and lasting changes in environmental ideology and value. In the article, the author focuses on the perseverance of epistemological issues in the works of Henry Coston, Aldo Leopold, Rebecca Carson, and Ron Essley in the early and mid-20th century The tension between exploration and the clear presentation of ideology. The four writers, both tirelessly searching for natural history and their place in the natural order, are also eager to raise public awareness of contemporary social issues. They combine the two organically. The author echoes them with early Mather and Edwards, arguing that American natural writing is derived from the American literary tradition.