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本文考察日语中由表示事物的疑问词参与构成的表量结构「なにも」的用法,对其句法及语义特征进行了描写。考察发现,「なにも」常用于两种句型结构,其量化对象不局限于复数性的事物,也可以是单数性的事件,即将事件作为一个整体进行全称量化。这种量化机制与汉语的疑问词结构“什么……都/也”存在明显差异,属于一种新的量化机制,是日语的个性特点之一。本文认为,将事件作为一个整体来否定其存在的特征是「なにも」进一步扩展为情态副词的语义动因。
This paper examines the usage of the tabular structure “na に mo” in Japanese, which consists of interrogative words representing things, and describes the syntactic and semantic features. The study found that “na に mo” is often used in two sentence structure, the quantitative object is not limited to plural things, it can be a singular event, the event as a whole full scale. This kind of quantification mechanism is obviously different from Chinese question phrase structure “what is / are ”, which belongs to a new quantitative mechanism and is one of the characteristics of Japanese. This paper argues that the feature of denying the existence of the event as a whole is that “na に mo” further expands into the semantic motivation of modal adverbs.