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纵隔肿瘤一经诊断,除已有远处转移外,均应立即行手术切除。其主要理由是纵隔肿瘤有逐渐增大的趋势,可压迫邻近器官;部分肿瘤有可能恶性变;囊性肿瘤继发感染、粘连侵及其他器官组织,增加以后手术困难以及纵隔肿物的良恶性质术前有时难以判断。纵隔肿瘤开胸手术的目的主要是切除全部病变,其次是获取病变的组织学诊断,以备术后选择适当的放疗或化疗。一般我国纵隔肿瘤手术切除率约为90%,手术死亡率为0.3%～2.8%。
Once a mediastinal tumor has been diagnosed, surgical removal should be performed immediately except for distant metastases. The main reason is that the mediastinal tumor has a growing tendency to oppress the adjacent organs; some tumors may be malignant; secondary infections of cystic tumors, adhesions and invasion of other organ tissues, increase the difficulty of surgery and the good and evil of mediastinal tumors. Nature is sometimes difficult to judge before surgery. The purpose of thoracotomy for mediastinal tumors is to remove all lesions, followed by histological diagnosis of the lesions in order to choose the appropriate radiotherapy or chemotherapy after surgery. In general, the resection rate of mediastinal tumors in our country is approximately 90%, and the surgical mortality rate is 0.3% to 2.8%.