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目的了解重庆市万盛经济技术开发区居民高血压、糖尿病等主要慢性病患病率及其相关的生活方式现状,为开展慢性病综合防控工作提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取3个镇与1个街道的18岁以上常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查与实验室检测,检测空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖与血脂,分析高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常检出率,比较男女健康指标知晓率、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常检出率的差异。结果共调查1 200人,肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常检出率分别为10.68%、25.33%、8.83%和22.37%。女性肥胖率(13.40%)高于男性(7.77%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.56,P<0.05)。男性血压高值的比例(47.76%)高于女性(38.87%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.27,P<0.05)。参加调查的居民每日吸烟率为24.83%,其中男性吸烟率为50.00%,过去12个月饮酒者中有害饮酒的比例为32.11%,红肉摄入过量的比例为41.58%,新鲜蔬菜水果摄入不足的比例为50.17%,每天运动量达到6 000步的比例为38.08%。结论万盛经济技术开发区居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常检出率较高,膳食不合理、运动不足、吸烟和有害饮酒等危险因素普遍存在,应采取综合防控措施防治慢性病。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and other major chronic diseases in Chongqing Wansheng Economic and Technological Development Zone and the related status quo of lifestyles, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey 3 residents and 1 street residents above 18 years old for questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests. Fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and blood lipid levels were measured at 2 h after operation. Hypertension , Diabetes, dyslipidemia detection rate, comparison of awareness of male and female health indicators, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia detection rate differences. Results A total of 1 200 people were surveyed. The detection rates of obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were 10.68%, 25.33%, 8.83% and 22.37% respectively. The obesity rate in females (13.40%) was higher than that in males (7.77%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 12.56, P <0.05). The proportion of men with high blood pressure (47.76%) was higher than that of women (38.87%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 14.27, P <0.05). The residents who participated in the survey had a daily smoking rate of 24.83%, of which smoking rate was 50.00% for males, 32.11% for drinkers over the past 12 months, and 41.58% for over-consumption of red meat. Fresh vegetables and fruits Inadequate ratio was 50.17%, exercise daily reach 6 000 step ratio was 38.08%. Conclusion Wansheng Economic and Technological Development Zone residents with high detection rate of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, unreasonable diet, lack of exercise, smoking and harmful drinking prevalence of risk factors, should take comprehensive prevention and control measures to prevent chronic diseases.