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目的了解2005-2013年新乡市甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)的流行病学特征,为甲肝防控提供流行病学参考依据。方法对法定传染病报告系统报告的新乡市甲肝发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2005-2013年甲肝发病率波动在0.49/10万~12.02/10万之间,年均发病率为5.38/10万,2007年最高,以后总体呈下降趋势;发病高峰在7-9月份,农村与城市发病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.595,P=0.440)。病例以15岁以下儿童为主,占69.96%,男性高于女性(χ2=126.553,P=0.000),学生占发病总数的比例最高(34.09%)。其次为农民和散居儿童,分别占23.66%和20.46%。结论建议甲肝防治应采取以预防接种为主,加强疫情监测和开展健康教育的综合性防控措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Xinxiang City from 2005 to 2013 and provide epidemiological references for prevention and control of HAV. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of the incidence of hepatitis A in Xinxiang City reported by the notifiable infectious disease reporting system was carried out. Results The incidence of hepatitis A in 2005-2013 fluctuated between 0.49 / 100 000 and 12.02 / 100 000 with an average annual incidence of 5.38 / 100 000, the highest in 2007 and then a downward trend. The peak incidence peaked from July to September, The incidence of rural and urban differences was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.595, P = 0.440). The cases were dominated by children under 15 years old, accounting for 69.96%. Men were higher than women (χ2 = 126.553, P = 0.000). Students accounted for the highest proportion (34.09%) of the total cases. Followed by farmers and diasporas, accounting for 23.66% and 20.46% respectively. Conclusion It is suggested that prevention and treatment of hepatitis A should take the comprehensive prevention and control measures with vaccination as the mainstay, monitoring of epidemic situation and carrying out health education.