目的了解广州市花都区7岁以下儿童死亡情况,为儿童保健方针政策的制定提供依据。方法收集广州市花都区2008年度7岁以下儿童死亡基本资料,统计儿童死亡年龄构成和死因顺位。结果广州市花都区2008年度7岁以下儿童死亡共125例,死亡率为8.8‰,外地户口儿童死亡率高于本地户口儿童(P<0.005);死亡儿童性别比是男:女为1:1.05;7岁以下儿童死亡中,婴儿死亡91例,占总数的72.8%,其中新生儿死亡52例,占婴儿死亡总数的57.1%;7岁以下儿童死亡死因顺位前五位为:肺炎、溺水、出生窒息、早产低出生体重、先天性心脏病。结论降低儿童死亡率的工作重点在于加强婴儿保健和防治呼吸系统疾病;儿童意外死亡,特别是溺水在儿童死因构成中所占比例较高,提示应加强儿童意外伤害的干预研究。 Objective To understand the death of children below 7 years old in Huadu District of Guangzhou City and to provide the basis for the formulation of guidelines and policies on child health care. Methods The basic information on the death of children under 7 years of age in Huadu District of Guangzhou City was collected and the age of death and the cause of death were collected. Results In Huadu District of Guangzhou, there were 125 deaths in children under 7 years old in 2008, with a mortality rate of 8.8 ‰. The death rate of children in local registered permanent residence was higher than that of local registered permanent residence children (P <0.005). The sex ratio of dead children was 1: 1.05; Among the deaths of children under 7 years of age, 91 were infant deaths, accounting for 72.8% of the total, of which 52 were neonatal deaths, accounting for 57.1% of all infant deaths; the top 5 deaths among children under 7 years of age were pneumonia, Drowning, birth asphyxia, premature birth, low birth weight, congenital heart disease. Conclusion The focus of efforts to reduce child mortality is to strengthen infant health and prevent respiratory diseases. Unexpected deaths among children, especially drowning, constitute a high proportion of children’s causes of death, suggesting that interventions should be strengthened to prevent accidental injuries in children.