目的分析安徽省濉溪县1952-2007年传染病的变化趋势。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对濉溪县传染病疫情资料进行分析。结果1952-2007年濉溪县传染病年均发病率为5267.62/10万,死亡率为5.62/10万,21世纪初比20世纪50年代发病率下降了93.13%,死亡率下降了99.03%,20世纪50-70年代发病率呈上升趋势,70年代发病率达到高峰,80年代起发病率开始大幅下降,总体呈现下降趋势;20世纪80年代前以呼吸道传染病和自然疫源及虫媒传染病为主,进入90年代肠道传染病和血源及性传播传染病较之90年代以前有了明显上升,到21世纪初又转为自然疫源及虫媒传染病为主导类型;疾病谱排序不断发生变化,总发病率前5位的病种为疟疾、流行性感冒、痢疾、麻疹、百日咳。结论传染病防治成效显著,免疫预防和计划免疫相关疾病得到有效控制和消除;现阶段受到疟疾、肺结核、肝炎、艾滋病等新老传染病的威胁,防控形势依然严峻,濉溪县传染病防治策略随着传染病疾病谱的变化而改变。 Objective To analyze the trend of infectious diseases in Suixi County, Anhui Province from 1952 to 2007. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in Suixi County. Results The average annual incidence of infectious diseases in Suixi County was 5267.62 / lakh from 1952 to 2007, with a mortality rate of 5.62 / lakh. The incidence of infectious diseases dropped by 93.13% and the mortality rate dropped by 99.03% from the 1950s in the early 21st century. The incidence increased from the 1950s to the 1970s, and the incidence peaked in the 1970s. The incidence began to decline sharply in the 1980s, showing an overall downward trend. Before the 1980s, the epidemic and natural foci of infectious diseases and zoonotic diseases In the 1990s, there was a marked increase in intestinal infectious diseases and blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases compared with those before the 1990s. In the early 2000s, the epidemic was still dominated by natural foci and vector-borne diseases; The top five most affected diseases are malaria, influenza, dysentery, measles and whooping cough. Conclusion The prevention and control of infectious diseases are remarkable, and the diseases related to immunoprophylaxis and immunization are effectively controlled and eliminated. At this stage, the epidemic is still threatened by the new and old infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, hepatitis and AIDS. The prevention and control of epidemic diseases in Suixi County With the infectious disease spectrum changes.