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戈尔巴乔夫对列宁主义的认识,经历了一个从“求教于列宁”到“重新认识列宁”再到“完全抛弃列宁主义”的转变过程。戈尔巴乔夫列宁主义观的转向,从客观上看,最直接的原因在于“重评斯大林”运动的影响;从主观上看,最主要的原因在于戈尔巴乔夫没能正确对待列宁主义的历史地位和精神实质。戈尔巴乔夫列宁主义观的转向,使苏联共产党丧失了文化领导权,成为苏联最终解体的深层诱因。研究戈尔巴乔夫的列宁主义观,对于确立并坚持科学的列宁主义观有着重要的启示意义,也有利于引起关于中国共产党政党文化建设紧迫性的现实思考。
Gorbachev’s understanding of Leninism has undergone a transformation from “seeking advice from Lenin” to “re-understanding of Lenin” and then to “completely abandoning Leninism.” Objectively speaking, the most direct reason for the Gorbachev-Leninist shift of view lies in the influence of the “Re-appraisal of Stalinism.” The most important reason from a subjective point of view is that Gorbachev failed to correct Treat the historical status and spiritual essence of Leninism. The shift in Gorbachev-Leninism left the Soviet Communist Party losing its cultural leadership and becoming a deep incentive for the Soviet Union to finally disintegrate. Studying Gorbachev’s Leninist views has important implications for establishing and adhering to the scientific concept of Leninism and is also conducive to arousing the realistic thinking on the urgency of cultural construction of the Chinese Communist Party.