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转化生长因子β(TGF-β)是一种多功能细胞因子。人、鼠等哺乳动物的TGF-β已克隆出β1、β2、β3 3种亚单位。活性TGF-β是分子量为25kD的同源二聚体,每个单体由112个氯基酸组成。TGF-β受体育TβRⅠ~Ⅴ、Endoglin等。其中 TβRⅠ、TβRⅡ 属丝氨酸/苏氯酸激酶家族,在TGF-β信号转导中起主导作用。TGF-β与TβRⅡ结合后,再结合TβRⅠ,然后TβRⅡ磷酸化TβRⅠ,后者作为底物结合位点或激酶而发挥各种生物学效应。
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a multifunctional cytokine. Human, mouse and other mammalian TGF-β have been cloned β1, β2, β3 3 kinds of subunits. Active TGF-β is a homodimer with a molecular weight of 25 kD, with 112 monomers per monomer. TGF-β receptor TβR Ⅰ Ⅴ pregnancy, Endoglin and so on. Among them, TβRⅠ and TβRⅡ belong to serine / threonine kinase family and play a leading role in TGF-β signal transduction. After binding of TGF-β to TβRⅡ, TβRⅠ is then bound, and TβRII phosphorylates TβRI, which acts as a substrate binding site or kinase and exerts various biological effects.