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当今世界,两大法系在证据规则方面的差距在缩小,由此也逐渐形成了在两大法系的多数国家都得到公认的一些证据规则。我国没有制定统一的证据法,有关证据的内容被分散规定于三大诉讼法中。近年来,随着我国刑事诉讼制度的改革,刑事证据规则也在不断的确立与发展中。2010年5月30日,最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部和司法部联合发布了两个证据规定,使我国刑事证据规则更趋于完备。在这一背景下,本文综合分析我国现有的证据规则的规定,梳理证据规则的体系,分别就我国已经确立的主要的刑事证据规则:相关性规则;非法证据排除规则;直接言词原则;意见证据规则;最佳证据规则,补强证据规则进行分析。
In today’s world, the gap between the two major legal systems in the rules of evidence is narrowing. As a result, some evidentiary rules have been gradually accepted in most countries of the two legal systems. China has not formulated a unified law of evidence, the content of the evidence is scattered in the three major procedural law. In recent years, with the reform of criminal procedure system in our country, the rules of criminal evidence are also constantly established and developed. On May 30, 2010, the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of National Security and the Ministry of Justice jointly released two evidentiary provisions to make our criminal evidence rules tend to be more complete. In this context, this article analyzes the existing rules of evidence in our country, combing the system of evidence rules, respectively, the main rules of criminal evidence that have been established in our country: the rules of relevance, the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence, the principle of direct speech, the opinions Evidence rules; best evidence rules, reinforcement evidence rules for analysis.